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Puerto Rico Questions & Answers
1 Answer | Asked in Family Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: Do I need to follow ASUME rules or signed court agreement?

We have never gone thru ASUME, but my Ex continues to tell me that I am obligated to cover all of the cost that I would have to as if we did go thru ASUME. She lived in PR with my daughters, and I live in NJ. I pay my monthly amount and then some when I can. My oldest daughter is 17 turning 18 in... View More

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 18, 2023

The court order trumps ASUME. The Administration for the Sustenance of Minors (ASUME) is the Puerto Rico government agency by which Puerto Rico enacts the Uniform Interstate Family Support Act of February 9, 1993. There may be a benefit to paying through ASUME, in that they can certify that... View More

1 Answer | Asked in Real Estate Law, Gov & Administrative Law and Probate for Puerto Rico on
Q: Q: My wife and I have found an abandoned propert in Puerto Rico that we would like to claim using adverse possession.

We have spoke to all the neighbors in the area and found the owner to be deceased and the place has been empty for about 6 years or since Hurricane Maria. How can we take the property in good faith. What actions need to be taken.

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 18, 2023

Under Puerto Rico Rule of Law, you would need to be in pacific possession of said real estate property, openly, and (in the mind of your neighbors) as if you were the owners of said property. This would need to continue for 20 years, the go before a court of law to request said adverse possession... View More

1 Answer | Asked in Estate Planning and Real Estate Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: Who is the owner of a Real Estate Property in Puerto Rico after death of one parent? Spouse or Inheritanance?

My father and mother were gifted (via Escritura), a piece of land with a house built on it by them in Isabela, PR by my Paternal Grandmother in 1983. The property was registered but as far as we know from bills from the CRIM and Property Registry they only show my father's name on the... View More

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 18, 2023

After November 28, 2020, Puerto Rico rule of law determines that the heirs of an estate are the deceased's spouse and children. Before that date, the estate belongs to the deceased's children with an inheritance lien in favor of your widowed mother (called in Spanish, "la cuota... View More

2 Answers | Asked in Real Estate Law and Tax Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: My mother transferred 2 properties in my name as a living inheritance. Is there any way that I can avoid paying any tax

She still lives in Puerto Rico, and I would like to build her a home on a different property that my brother owns and would like to use some of the monies for the build would I still pay a capital gains tax?

Samuel  Landis
Samuel Landis pro label Lawyers, want to be a Justia Connect Pro too? Learn more ›
answered on Jul 17, 2023

There are a variety ways to address the tax issues described above. If your mother passes, then there may be an exemption from taxes called the Unified Credit. If she wishes to transfer the properties to you during her lifetime without a taxable consequence, then she may need to file a gift tax... View More

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2 Answers | Asked in Real Estate Law and Tax Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: My mother transferred 2 properties in my name as a living inheritance. Is there any way that I can avoid paying any tax

She still lives in Puerto Rico, and I would like to build her a home on a different property that my brother owns and would like to use some of the monies for the build would I still pay a capital gains tax?

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 15, 2023

Unless either real estate property is your primary residence, you'll be paying property taxes. Furthermore, if you reside outside Puerto Rico, the sale of either or both real estate properties will be subject to a 15% retention of the sales proceeds, which will be deposited with the Puerto... View More

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1 Answer | Asked in Probate for Puerto Rico on
Q: How to remove siblings as inheritors.

Mother died in Nov 2022 & step-father (who never had biological children) died the following Apr 2023. They left $12K in savings & home with an existing morgage. Four adult children (2 sons & 2 daughters) and dead spouse are currently named in the Certificado de Herederos. Two... View More

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 12, 2023

Any repudiations must be formalized through a deed poll subscribed by the heir who rejects his/her inheritance. If an heir is gaslighting you, you'll need to take the case before a court of law. Who'll either order the heir to formally reply whether he wishes his inheritance or not. If... View More

1 Answer | Asked in Estate Planning and Real Estate Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: When a 'Cambio de Dueños' is filed and there are more than one owners shouldn't the change reflect all parties involved?

The land in question was given to us with documentation; Escrituras, segregated and Registered at the Property Registry through a Notary (lawyer) one of my siblings recently filed for a 'Cambio de Dueño" I noticed on the Global Catastro that when they processed the change, they left the... View More

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 10, 2023

I'm assuming the change in ownership to which you refer is with the Puerto Rico Municipal Income Collections Center ("CRIM", by its Spanish acronym). When more than two owners are involved (i.e., when a community property is filed with CRIM), there are two forms that should be used.... View More

1 Answer | Asked in Probate for Puerto Rico on
Q: My brother has recently passed here in Puerto Rico and has left some credit card debts.

My brother was never married and he didn't leave a will. No one has ever cosigned for him. He doesn't own any property and was living in my Moms house. His only assets are his two bank accounts. One of the accounts paid the funeral expenses but there could be some money left in that... View More

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 10, 2023

First off, I regret your loss. Did your brother have any children? If not, are either or both of his (your) parents alive? If so, your parents would be his heirs. If your parents have passed, then you and any other siblings that you may have would be the heirs.

In order to file a Petition...
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1 Answer | Asked in Real Estate Law and Tax Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: What do I need to file a CAMBIO de DUEÑOS, and how can I obtain a copy of the Segregation Deed pertaining to property ?

I am in the process of filing for a change of ownership for a property that was left to me by my father prior to his passing. the Escrituras for myself and 2 other siblings were completed years ago, the land was segregated into three parts, in each of our names. Recently, one of my siblings filed a... View More

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 6, 2023

Your first step would be to procure a registry certification from the Puerto Rico Property Registry. If the segregation was filed with the Registry, the original lot (finca) will identify the three lots. You do not state whether your late father left his will or whether he died intestate. If a will... View More

1 Answer | Asked in Child Support, Civil Litigation and Family Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: Husband is double charged with 2 different child support agency’s. PR and Massachusetts

My husband has a son who is 20 years old. He resides in Massachusetts since the age of 5. The mother had an order of child support through assume but when she moved to Massachusetts, she opened on there. We paid child support to her trough Massachusetts and once the child turn 18 it stopped. But... View More

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 6, 2023

If you live in North Carolina, I suggest that your husband retain the services of a Puerto Rico attorney. So long as ASUME is not informed that the 20 year-old's case was transferred to Massachusetts, they'll continue recognizing the amounts owed and surcharges will continue to... View More

2 Answers | Asked in Foreclosure for Puerto Rico on
Q: Can someone help me find foreclosure records for a property in Puerto Rico
Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 6, 2023

The 33% legal fees arise from Act 9 of August 8, 1974, 4 L.P.R.A. § 742, which establishes that an attorney may not charge more than 25% in the case of minors or legally incapacitated adults, and no more than 33% legal fees in the rest of the personal injury cases. Nevertheless, in Coop de Ahorro... View More

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2 Answers | Asked in Foreclosure for Puerto Rico on
Q: Can someone help me find foreclosure records for a property in Puerto Rico
Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 6, 2023

My first stop would be with the Property Registry. Request a registry certification with tract history for the property. You'll need the lot ("finca") number and the demarcation (where the property is located), and it'll let you know if the property has been foreclosed and... View More

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1 Answer | Asked in Contracts, Real Estate Law and Landlord - Tenant for Puerto Rico on
Q: I had to break my contract early and I paid up to the last month I stayed.

Landlord will keep security deposit for breach of contract but still wants me to pay the full amount of the lease term. Landlord has a new tenant in the unit. Can the landlord legally ask me for money while receiving money from the new tenant?

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 6, 2023

Your question does not state if the lease contract was signed in Puerto Rico. Nevertheless, what's valid is not whether he leased the residence to a new tenant, but rather what you agreed to in your lease contract. If said contract has a penalty clause for early termination, then your ex... View More

2 Answers | Asked in Personal Injury for Puerto Rico on
Q: Which is the name of the law that determines the percentage of honorary (and the %)the lawyer receive in cases of injury

Case of an injury in a commercial place

Alberto J. Castaner
PREMIUM
Alberto J. Castaner
answered on Jul 5, 2023

The law is Act No. 9 known as Practice of Law Act and provides:

No attorney shall charge fees of a contingent nature in actions to recover damages in an amount that exceeds, for any reason, twenty-five percent (25%) of the final proceeds of the judgment, compromise or agreement if the...
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2 Answers | Asked in Personal Injury for Puerto Rico on
Q: Which is the name of the law that determines the percentage of honorary (and the %)the lawyer receive in cases of injury

Case of an injury in a commercial place

T. Augustus Claus
PREMIUM
T. Augustus Claus pro label Lawyers, want to be a Justia Connect Pro too? Learn more ›
answered on Jul 3, 2023

It is generally referred to as a contingency fee arrangement, where the attorney's fee is contingent upon the successful resolution of the case. The specific percentage can also vary depending on factors such as the complexity of the case, the jurisdiction, and any agreements made between the... View More

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2 Answers | Asked in Estate Planning and Foreclosure for Puerto Rico on
Q: Are heirs responsible for a parents debt in Puerto Rico?

My father who was a resident of Puerto Rico passed away. He had a house where the mortgage was more than the value of the house. The house is going into foreclosure and will likely not bring much money. Am I responsible for that debt or does the debt stop with the value of the estate?

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 6, 2023

The Rule of Law in Puerto Rico for hereditary estates is that the heirs, having accepted their inheritance, subrogate themselves in the deceased place regarding the estate's assets and liabilities. If an estate is more debt than assets, the heirs may repudiate their inheritance. Be advised... View More

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2 Answers | Asked in Real Estate Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: How can I revoke a power of attorney from someone who's trying to take my property and Puerto Rico?
Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 10, 2023

You can revoke a power-of-attorney by subscribing a deed poll explicitly identifying the power-of-attorney you wish to revoke. It you live in the states, the poll deed must identify any real estate included in the original power of attorney. (a) The protocolized deed poll must be filed with the... View More

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1 Answer | Asked in Family Law and Child Custody for Puerto Rico on
Q: can a grown up ward of a guardian leave said guardian?

Ive been living in Puerto Rico with my grandmother for the last 5 years, when i came down to pr my parents were in a bad spot and could not properly take care of me, i told her everything and she put me under a guardianship with her, the last time i was informed on what was going on with the... View More

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jun 21, 2023

A person comes of age in Puerto Rico at 21. What your grandmother has told you is not correct nor is it legal. If you're already 21 years of age or older, you are legally capable of making your own decisions and leaving, if you wish to do so.

If you're studying in college, you do...
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1 Answer | Asked in Real Estate Law and Probate for Puerto Rico on
Q: My uncle passed and left no will, no children, and no spouse. His brothers filed a declaration of inheritance.

The brothers have been named the heirs. Does that now make them legally responsible to pay the mortgage on the house he owned? If they do not pay the mortgage and let the bank foreclose will their credit be affected?

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jun 21, 2023

Succession Rule of Law in Puerto Rico states that your late uncle's estate is made up of his assets and his liabilities. Therefore, any mortgages and liens on real estate property would also have to be assumed by your late uncle's siblings. If the outstanding debts exceed the... View More

1 Answer | Asked in Real Estate Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: In Puerto Rico can you add a family member or a partner to be a cowner of a property you inherited.

I don’t live in PR but I want to have a cowner to a property i inherited.

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jun 13, 2023

As a general rule, whether you have an proprietary interest in an hereditary estate or whether you are the sole owner of said inheritance, you can cede, donate, or sell part of your participation or all of it, by way of a deed subscribed before a notary in Puerto Rico. Nevertheless, if you are in... View More

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