Q: Can a police officer detain me and search me after stating that I wasn’t being arrested ?

A: In Illinois, a police officer can detain and search you even if you're not being arrested, but this action must be justified under certain legal standards. The key factor is whether the officer has reasonable suspicion of criminal activity. If they do, they can conduct what's known as a Terry stop, a brief detention for questioning.

During a Terry stop, if the officer has reason to believe you might be armed and dangerous, they can also perform a frisk, a limited pat-down of your outer clothing to check for weapons. This is not a full search but is meant to ensure the officer's safety and that of others nearby.

However, anything beyond a frisk requires either your consent, probable cause, or a warrant. Probable cause would mean the officer has a reasonable basis to believe that a crime has been, is being, or will be committed.

If you believe that you were detained or searched without reasonable suspicion or probable cause, you might have grounds to challenge the legality of the officer's actions. In such cases, it's important to document everything about the encounter and seek legal advice. An attorney can help you understand your rights and determine if your constitutional protections were violated.

Remember, interacting with law enforcement can be complex, and understanding your rights is crucial. If you're unsure about an encounter you've had with the police, discussing it with an attorney can provide clarity and guidance on how to proceed.