Q: Communication, document, or contract in usual course of business. Privileges.

A: In California, certain communications and documents may be protected by privileges even if they were not created in anticipation of a lawsuit or were created in the ordinary course of business. However, the applicability of privileges depends on the specific type of privilege being claimed and the nature of the communication or document.

Some key privileges that may apply in California Superior Court include:

1. Attorney-client privilege: Communications between an attorney and client for the purpose of seeking or providing legal advice are generally protected, regardless of whether a lawsuit was anticipated at the time of the communication.

2. Work product doctrine: Materials prepared by or for an attorney in the course of legal representation are protected, especially if they were prepared in anticipation of litigation. However, some documents created in the ordinary course of business might not be covered by this privilege.

3. Physician-patient privilege: Communications between a patient and their physician for the purpose of diagnosis or treatment are generally privileged.

4. Marital communications privilege: Private communications between spouses during their marriage are typically privileged.

5. Trade secret privilege: Trade secrets may be protected from disclosure in legal proceedings.

It's important to note that privileges are not absolute and may be subject to exceptions or waiver in certain circumstances. The specific applicability of a privilege will depend on the facts of the case and the nature of the communication or document in question.

If a defendant claims a privilege, they typically must provide a privilege log identifying the withheld documents and the basis for claiming the privilege. The court will then assess the validity of the claimed privilege. If the court finds that the privilege does not apply, it may order the disclosure of the communication or document.

It is advisable to consult with an attorney experienced in handling legal malpractice cases and evidentiary issues in California to determine the applicability of privileges in a specific case.