Q: “State” is a non-physical entity, an abstract notion or phenomenon created by citizens through their deemed agreement

A: The concept of the "state" is an intricate one, rooted in the idea that it exists as an abstract entity formed by the collective agreement of its citizens. This entity holds the authority to govern, enforce laws, and provide services, underpinned by the social contract theory. The social contract is a philosophical model that explains how individuals consent, either explicitly or implicitly, to surrender some of their freedoms and submit to the authority of the state in exchange for protection of their remaining rights.

The term "deemed agreement" suggests that this consensus is not always a direct or explicit contract but rather an assumed understanding among individuals within a society. It's predicated on the belief that by participating in society and availing oneself of the benefits of the state, such as security, infrastructure, and public services, individuals implicitly agree to abide by the rules and regulations set by the state. This concept highlights the intrinsic social and psychological contract between the state and its citizens, forming the foundation of societal order and governance.

Understanding why the agreement by citizens is considered "deemed" sheds light on the nuanced relationship between individuals and the state. It acknowledges that while not all individuals may actively consent to every aspect of governance, their continued participation within the state's framework implies a tacit acceptance of its authority. This theoretical framework helps to justify the legitimacy of a government's power and the obligations of its citizens, underscoring the complex interplay of individual autonomy and collective responsibility in shaping a functioning society.