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Puerto Rico Real Estate Law Questions & Answers
1 Answer | Asked in Real Estate Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: My grandparents passed away over 20 ago and in their will they stated that the home would belong to one of my uncles

And the property would be split among all the siblings. The only surviving child is my father. Would like to know who is now the rightful owner of the house and property. The property is currently vacant and looking to sell it. This property is in Puerto Rico

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Nov 2, 2023

You need to verify the real estate property's status in the Puerto Rico Property Registry: were your grandparents' wills filed to transfer ownership to their children (your father, aunts, and uncles)? Assuming that the transfer was completed, an adjudication deed would've need to be... View More

1 Answer | Asked in Tax Law and Real Estate Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: My dad wants to donated his house to me and my 2 sibling are in agreement. Do I have to pay any kind of taxes?

The house is located in Puerto Rico.

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Oct 24, 2023

Any real estate property located in Puerto Rico that does not constitute your primary residence is subject to property taxes. If the property currently belongs to your father and is his primary residence, he may have requested a tax exemption from the Municipal Income Collections Center... View More

2 Answers | Asked in Real Estate Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: I'm selling a house in Puerto Rico but I'm in NY. The house is inherited by my mother and 6 children of adult age.

Not all can attend so we are using power of attorney. Why would the lawer ask for copies of our driver's licenses. when the notarized documents and the authentication at The Country Clerk's office is done in NY.

T. Augustus Claus
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answered on Aug 22, 2023

When selling a house in Puerto Rico and utilizing power of attorney, the lawyer's request for copies of the grantors' driver's licenses is likely for the purpose of verifying the identities of the individuals granting power of attorney. This practice helps ensure the legitimacy of... View More

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1 Answer | Asked in Real Estate Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: 2 siblings inherit a home in PR. One of the siblings past away. Said sibling who past away was married although had been

Separated for years! Perhaps now she’s a forced inherited? She’s an alcoholic, mentally unstable and unable to understand. How can the other living sibling take her out of the forced inheritance to be able to sell the house?

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Aug 29, 2023

If the deceased sibling died after November 28, 2020, his spouse inherits along with any descendants he may have left. Now, if the deceased sibling died before November 28, 2020, his spouse would still inherit an annuity equal to a simple share of a third of his estate, equal to what any other heir... View More

2 Answers | Asked in Real Estate Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: Law in Puerto Rico. Where can I get a copy of my deed . I cannot locate my original? My property is in Boqueron, Puerto

The lawyerI used who was also a notary was disbarred in 2014.

Ramon  Olivencia
Ramon Olivencia
answered on Jul 19, 2023

Getting a copy of your deed from a deceased attorney in Puerto Rico is complicated. First, you must contact the district or region on the island where the attorney used to practice, called the Notarial Archive ("Archivo Notarial"). Then, after several days of searching for the deed, they... View More

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1 Answer | Asked in Real Estate Law, Gov & Administrative Law and Probate for Puerto Rico on
Q: Q: My wife and I have found an abandoned propert in Puerto Rico that we would like to claim using adverse possession.

We have spoke to all the neighbors in the area and found the owner to be deceased and the place has been empty for about 6 years or since Hurricane Maria. How can we take the property in good faith. What actions need to be taken.

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 18, 2023

Under Puerto Rico Rule of Law, you would need to be in pacific possession of said real estate property, openly, and (in the mind of your neighbors) as if you were the owners of said property. This would need to continue for 20 years, the go before a court of law to request said adverse possession... View More

1 Answer | Asked in Estate Planning and Real Estate Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: Who is the owner of a Real Estate Property in Puerto Rico after death of one parent? Spouse or Inheritanance?

My father and mother were gifted (via Escritura), a piece of land with a house built on it by them in Isabela, PR by my Paternal Grandmother in 1983. The property was registered but as far as we know from bills from the CRIM and Property Registry they only show my father's name on the... View More

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 18, 2023

After November 28, 2020, Puerto Rico rule of law determines that the heirs of an estate are the deceased's spouse and children. Before that date, the estate belongs to the deceased's children with an inheritance lien in favor of your widowed mother (called in Spanish, "la cuota... View More

2 Answers | Asked in Real Estate Law and Tax Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: My mother transferred 2 properties in my name as a living inheritance. Is there any way that I can avoid paying any tax

She still lives in Puerto Rico, and I would like to build her a home on a different property that my brother owns and would like to use some of the monies for the build would I still pay a capital gains tax?

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 15, 2023

Unless either real estate property is your primary residence, you'll be paying property taxes. Furthermore, if you reside outside Puerto Rico, the sale of either or both real estate properties will be subject to a 15% retention of the sales proceeds, which will be deposited with the Puerto... View More

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1 Answer | Asked in Real Estate Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: Do the grandchildren of my deceased siblings have to sign and agree to sell my mom house in PR she died 1/2020.
Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 12, 2023

If they inherit from their grandmother by representation of their late mom, they are also heirs, and thus must agree to the sale. Should they be under 21 years old, you'll need to procure court authorization to sell the real estate.

1 Answer | Asked in Estate Planning and Real Estate Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: When a 'Cambio de Dueños' is filed and there are more than one owners shouldn't the change reflect all parties involved?

The land in question was given to us with documentation; Escrituras, segregated and Registered at the Property Registry through a Notary (lawyer) one of my siblings recently filed for a 'Cambio de Dueño" I noticed on the Global Catastro that when they processed the change, they left the... View More

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 10, 2023

I'm assuming the change in ownership to which you refer is with the Puerto Rico Municipal Income Collections Center ("CRIM", by its Spanish acronym). When more than two owners are involved (i.e., when a community property is filed with CRIM), there are two forms that should be used.... View More

1 Answer | Asked in Contracts, Real Estate Law and Landlord - Tenant for Puerto Rico on
Q: I had to break my contract early and I paid up to the last month I stayed.

Landlord will keep security deposit for breach of contract but still wants me to pay the full amount of the lease term. Landlord has a new tenant in the unit. Can the landlord legally ask me for money while receiving money from the new tenant?

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 6, 2023

Your question does not state if the lease contract was signed in Puerto Rico. Nevertheless, what's valid is not whether he leased the residence to a new tenant, but rather what you agreed to in your lease contract. If said contract has a penalty clause for early termination, then your ex... View More

1 Answer | Asked in Real Estate Law and Tax Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: What do I need to file a CAMBIO de DUEÑOS, and how can I obtain a copy of the Segregation Deed pertaining to property ?

I am in the process of filing for a change of ownership for a property that was left to me by my father prior to his passing. the Escrituras for myself and 2 other siblings were completed years ago, the land was segregated into three parts, in each of our names. Recently, one of my siblings filed a... View More

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 6, 2023

Your first step would be to procure a registry certification from the Puerto Rico Property Registry. If the segregation was filed with the Registry, the original lot (finca) will identify the three lots. You do not state whether your late father left his will or whether he died intestate. If a will... View More

2 Answers | Asked in Real Estate Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: How can I revoke a power of attorney from someone who's trying to take my property and Puerto Rico?
Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jul 10, 2023

You can revoke a power-of-attorney by subscribing a deed poll explicitly identifying the power-of-attorney you wish to revoke. It you live in the states, the poll deed must identify any real estate included in the original power of attorney. (a) The protocolized deed poll must be filed with the... View More

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1 Answer | Asked in Real Estate Law and Probate for Puerto Rico on
Q: My uncle passed and left no will, no children, and no spouse. His brothers filed a declaration of inheritance.

The brothers have been named the heirs. Does that now make them legally responsible to pay the mortgage on the house he owned? If they do not pay the mortgage and let the bank foreclose will their credit be affected?

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jun 21, 2023

Succession Rule of Law in Puerto Rico states that your late uncle's estate is made up of his assets and his liabilities. Therefore, any mortgages and liens on real estate property would also have to be assumed by your late uncle's siblings. If the outstanding debts exceed the... View More

1 Answer | Asked in Real Estate Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: In Puerto Rico can you add a family member or a partner to be a cowner of a property you inherited.

I don’t live in PR but I want to have a cowner to a property i inherited.

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jun 13, 2023

As a general rule, whether you have an proprietary interest in an hereditary estate or whether you are the sole owner of said inheritance, you can cede, donate, or sell part of your participation or all of it, by way of a deed subscribed before a notary in Puerto Rico. Nevertheless, if you are in... View More

1 Answer | Asked in Real Estate Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: We have a past HOA secretary that will not turn over past documents. How can we get her to turn them over?

She was asked following her term in 2018. Recently since May of last year she has been asked again repeatedly. She says she has them but shrugs it off as forgetting to bring them when she is on site. These are important to our history and what decisions were made in the past. We are in Puerto Rico.

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jun 8, 2023

If the HOA covers a condominium, the first forum would be to go before the Department of Consumer Affairs. If it is a closed urbanization or community, you could file a lawsuit against the former secretary before a court of law. However, before taking that drastic of a measure, the current... View More

1 Answer | Asked in Real Estate Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: Property in Puerto Rico that a lawyer was to register but CRIM can't find it, how should I proceed. I have documents.

I have documents from notary and register and fica number. How do I proceed, CRIM says candastre number but i can't find that number on receipts. I don't think he completed the task fully. What should I do?

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jun 8, 2023

You can bring to CRIM the previous owner's social security # (which the attorney should have, since he should've also filed the change in the property's ownership before the Puerto Rico Treasury Department (“Planilla Informativa sobre segregación, agrupación o traslado de Bienes... View More

1 Answer | Asked in Real Estate Law and Land Use & Zoning for Puerto Rico on
Q: No heirs to an abandoned home.

I have lived in this neighborhood for 6 years now and the home in front of mine is my neighbors daughter who passed a long time ago. I'm assuming there are no heirs but i'd like the property to be mine. How do I go about asking my neighbor about maybe getting the home?

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jun 8, 2023

It may not be so simple. The Puerto Rico Civil Code states the order of an intestate succession: if the deceased owner left no descendants, and had no spouse, it would go to the deceased parents. If these are no longer living, it would go to the deceased siblings, nephews, and nieces, if none are... View More

2 Answers | Asked in Estate Planning and Real Estate Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: How much should heredity proceedings cost in the absence of a valid will in Puerto Rico?
Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jun 9, 2023

You do not provide enough information to answer your question. Several factors that affect the costs are: how many heirs are there? Are they all alive? If any have died, did he/she leave descendants? Are these descendants all alive? Are any heirs minors (underage)? Did the deceased leave bank... View More

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1 Answer | Asked in Estate Planning and Real Estate Law for Puerto Rico on
Q: Who can represent me regarding a property inheritance and sale negotiation in Puerto Rico, if I live in NY?

My uncle and father co-own two houses and land in Puerto Rico. My father died several years ago and his lawyer has contacted me requesting my birth certificate to finalize the inheritance. My Uncle also wants to negotiate buying my half of the property. Can I contact a lawyer in Puerto Rico to... View More

Rafael  Pagan-Colon
Rafael Pagan-Colon
answered on Jun 1, 2023

You can retain the services of an attorney in Puerto Rico, even if you live in New York. You do not state who hired the attorney who requested your birth certificate. Neither do you mention whether you're an only child or whether you have siblings. It seems that your late father did not leave... View More

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